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When students engage in high-level mathematical thinking, their conversations go far beyond simply answering questions. Productive math talk, or discourse, involves students:
🔹 Thinking Deeply and Mathematically
Making conjectures and reasoning logically
Constructing and explaining viable arguments
Evaluating whether others understand their reasoning
Comparing strategies and making connections across ideas and representations
🔹 Actively Engaging with Peers
Listening carefully and attempting to understand others’ thinking
Building on the strategies and ideas of classmates
Asking clarifying questions and offering thoughtful critiques
Describing others’ strategies and proposing new ones
🔹 Building Meaning Together
Responding to peer critiques and pushing the conversation forward
Inviting classmates to reflect, revise, or deepen their thinking
Focusing talk on making sense of mathematical ideas—not just getting the answer
In meaningful math talk, the conversation grows—each student builds on what’s already been said and done. This kind of discourse fosters deeper understanding and encourages all students to engage as mathematical thinkers.
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